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Ethereum signatures and no -zon understanding
The Ethereum signature system is a critical aspect of decentralized programs (DAPP) ecosystem. The signature is a unique digital fingerprint proving that the sender of the operations checks the appropriate UTXO (free surgery output). However, one of the most common misconceptions is to re -use signatures.
Cryptographic algorithms use Nonce as a meter to ensure uniqueness and prevent repetitions for attacks. Given the context of generation generation of Ethereum, the same use of Nonce can be investigated by private keys if it is not properly treated.
Nonces role in a generation of generation
The following actions are performed to create the signature of Ethereum operation:
- Create surgery : The user creates a new operation and adds UTXO they control.
2.
3.
Processing nonces: discovery recipe
If the user re -uses the same nonCE generation signatures, it becomes increasingly likely that someone else will be able to check or damage the generated signatures. So so is:
* SETERMITIC SIGNESS : If several operations are signed with the same non -dorkil, the resulting signatures can be used to complete information about the sender’s personal key.
* Repetition attack : malicious actor can manipulate operations data and re -publish it with the original Nonce, effectively playing operation and can get UTX control.
Mathematical explanation
Let’s look at a simple example of how to illustrate this concept:
Let’s say we have two operations: TX1 and TX2. Both operations do not have Nonce n_1 = 0x12345678 and would use the same private key.
When we create a signature of both operations with the sender’s public key (which is invisible here), we get it:
- To
tx1:S1 = signature1 '
- Totx2
:s2 = signature2`
If you re -use the Nonce N_1 for both transactions, you can conclude that the second operation has the same private key as the first. The reason is that the signatures are determined and have the same random number.
Conclusion
The use of non -communicable areas by generating the signature of Ethereum operations increases the risk of investigating a private key if it is not properly treated. It is very important that each operation is exceptional to avoid such problems. If you are working on off -road data, consider using a safe mechanism to produce and store a unique nepadulis.
